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Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman was transferred to the ICC's custody on 9 June 2020, after surrendering himself voluntarily in the Central African Republic. The initial appearance of Mr Abd-Al-Rahman before the ICC took place on 15 June 2020. According to the Prosecution's submission of the Document Containing the Charges, Mr Abd-Al-Rahman is suspected of 31 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity allegedly committed between August 2003 and at least April 2004 in Darfur, Sudan. The confirmation of charges hearing took place from 24 to 26 May 2021.
On 9 July 2021, Pre-Trial Chamber II confirmed all the charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity brought by the Prosecutor against Ali Muhammad Abd-Al-Rahman and committed him to trial.
The trial in the case opened before Trial Chamber I on 5 April 2022. 56 witnesses appeared in the courtroom during the presentation of the Prosecution’s case and the Prosecution has finished presenting its evidence. On 5 June 2023, the common Legal Representatives of Victims made an opening statement. On 5-7 June and 16-17 October 2023, they were authorised to call one witness and participating victims to provide their views before the Chamber. The Defence called 18 witnesses before the Chamber and has finished the presentation of its evidence. The closing statements in the trial took place on 11-13 December 2024. On 6 October 2025, Trial Chamber I found Ali Muhammad Ali Abd-Al-Rahman guilty of 27 counts of crimes against humanity and war crimes, in Darfur, Sudan, between August 2003 and April 2004.
On 9 December, Trial Chamber I sentenced Mr Abd-Al-Rahman to 20 years of imprisonment. The time spent in detention, from 9 June 2020 onwards, will be deducted from his sentence. Mr Abd-Al-Rahman will remain in the ICC detention centre until the ICC designates a country to serve his sentence.
Next steps: On 6 November 2025, the Defence of Mr Abd-Al-Rahman filed its notice of appeal against the judgment in the case. The Defence and Prosecution filed their notices of appeal against the sentence on 8 and 9 January 2026, respectively. The Appeals Chamber will rule on these appeals in due course. On 9 December 2025, Trial Chamber I issued an order for submissions on reparations, with the relevant timeline and guidance for this process in this case.
Charges not confirmed
On 8 February 2010, Pre-Trial Chamber I decided not to confirm the charges against Mr Abu Garda, and later rejected the Prosecutor's application to appeal the decision.
Next steps: The case is considered closed unless and until the Prosecutor presents new evidence.
The first warrant for arrest for Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir was issued on 4 March 2009, the second on 12 July 2010. The suspect is still at large.
Next steps: Until Omar Al Bashir is arrested and transferred to the seat of the Court in The Hague, the case will remain in the Pre-Trial stage. The ICC does not try individuals unless they are present in the courtroom.
Q&A REGARDING APPEALS CHAMBER’S 6 MAY 2019 JUDGMENT IN THE JORDAN REFERRAL RE AL-BASHIR APPEAL
The warrant of arrest for Al Hassan Ag Abdoul Aziz Ag Mohamed Ag Mahmoud was issued on 27 March 2018. He was surrendered to the ICC on 31 March 2018. He is in the Court's custody. The confirmation of charges hearing took place from 8 to 17 July 2019. On 30 September 2019, Pre-Trial Chamber I issued a confidential decision confirming the charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity brought by the Prosecutor against Mr Al Hassan and committed him to trial. The redacted version of the decision was published on 13 November 2019. On 23 April 2020, Pre-Trial Chamber I partially granted the Prosecutor's request to modify the charges against Mr Al Hassan; the redacted version of this decision was published on 11 May 2020. The trial opened on 14-15 July 2020, including with the opening statement of the Prosecutor.
The trial resumed on 8 September 2020, when the Prosecution started to present its evidence and call its witnesses before the judges. 52 oral witnesses were called by the Prosecution at this stage.
On 8 February 2022, the Legal Representatives of Victims made their opening statements before the judges. From 8 to 10 February 2022, the Legal Representatives called two witnesses to testify.
On 9 May 2022, the Defence of Mr Al Hassan made its opening statement before Trial Chamber X. The first Defence witness started testifying on 10 May 2022. 22 Defense witnesses appeared in court, the last having completed testimony on 3 November 2022. On 6 February 2023, the Defence notified the judges of the closure of its presentation of evidence. On 8 February 2023, Trial Chamber X declared the closure of the submission of evidence in this case and participants were requested to file their final briefs.
The closing statements of the Office of the Prosecutor, the Legal Representatives of Victims, and the Defence are scheduled took place from 23 to 25 May 2023.
On 26 June 2024, Trial Chamber X, by majority, convicted Mr Al Hassan of some of the charges brought against him of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed between 2 April 2012 and 29 January 2013 in Timbuktu, northern Mali, controlled at that time by the armed groups Ansar Dine and Al-Qaida in Islamic Maghreb.
On 20 November 2024, Trial Chamber X sentenced Mr Al Hassan to 10 years of imprisonment. The time spent in detention, from 28 March 2018 to 20 November 2024, will be deducted from his sentence.
On 17 December 2024, both the Defence and the Prosecutor discontinued their appeals against the guilty verdict and will not appeal the sentence.
On 23 July 2025, a panel of three judges of the Appeals Chamber decided to reduce Mr Al Hassan's 10-year sentence of imprisonment by 12 months. The date for the completion of his sentence is set to 28 March 2027.
Mr Al Hassan will remain in the ICC detention centre until the ICC designates a country to serve his sentence.
Next steps: On 28 April 2026, Trial Chamber X delivered its reparations order for victims against Mr Al Hassan. The Chamber instructed the ICC Trust Fund for Victims to prepare a Draft Implementation Plan, which should be submitted for the Chamber’s approval by 25 January 2027. The Defence and the Legal Representatives of the Victims may appeal the Reparations Order within 30 days.
Found guilty, sentenced to 9 years. Reparations Order for victims pronounced by judges and is final.
Accused makes an admission of guilt at trial opening
On 22 August 2016, the trial in the case The Prosecutor v. Ahmad Al Faqi Al Mahdi opened before Trial Chamber VIII at the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague, the Netherlands. Mr Al Mahdi admitted guilt as to the war crime consisting in the destruction of historical and religious monuments in Timbuktu (Mali), between around 30 June 2012 and 11 July 2012. This is the first international trial focusing on the destruction of historical and religious monuments, and the first ICC case where the defendant made an admission of guilt.
The first warrant of arrest was issued on 15 August 2017.
The second arrest warrant was issued on 4 July 2018.
On 15 June 2022, ICC Pre-trial Chamber I terminated proceedings against Mahmoud Mustafa Busayf Al-Werfalli, following the Prosecution’s notification of his passing and request to withdraw the warrants of arrest.
Case also involved Saleh Mohammed Jerbo Jamus but proceedings against him were terminated on 4 October 2013 following his passing.
On 7 March 2011, Pre-Trial Chamber I unanimously decided to confirm the charges of war crimes brought by the ICC's Prosecutor against Abdallah Banda and committed him to trial. Though Mr Banda appeared voluntarily before the ICC during the Pre-Trial stage of his case, on 11 September 2014, the Trial Chamber judges issued an arrest warrant to ensure his presence at trial. The Chamber stressed that should Mr Banda nonetheless appear voluntarily before the Court, the Chamber will take the voluntary appearance into consideration and revisit accordingly the conditions of his stay in The Netherlands during the trial. The accused is still at large.
Next steps: The trial will commence pending the accused's arrest or voluntary appearance. The ICC does not try individuals in their absence.
On 3 April 2025, the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC applied for an arrest warrant against Mr El Hishri for crimes against humanity and war crimes. ICC Pre-Trial Chamber I (“the Chamber”) assessed the material submitted by the Prosecution and found reasonable grounds to believe that Mr Hishri is individually responsible for having committed directly himself, ordered or overseen crimes against humanity and war crimes, including murder, torture, rape and sexual violence, allegedly committed in Libya from February 2015 to early 2020.
The warrant of arrest against Mr El Hishri was issued under seal by the Chamber on 10 July 2025 and reclassified as “Public” on 31 July 2025. On 1 December 2025, Mr El Hishri was surrendered to the International Criminal Court after being arrested on 16 July 2025 by the authorities of the Federal Republic of Germany pursuant to the warrant of arrest.
The initial appearance of Mr El Hishri took place on 3 December 2025 before Pre-Trial Chamber I. The hearing was held in the presence of the Office of the Prosecutor and the Defence. Mr El Hishri was represented during the hearing by Mr Yasser Mohamed Ahmed Hassan.
The confirmation of charges hearing took place from 19 to 21 May 2026. Over the course of three days, the judges heard oral submissions from the Prosecutor, the Common Legal Representatives of the Victims and the Defence.
Next steps: The purpose of the confirmation of charges procedure is to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to establish substantial grounds to believe that the person committed the crimes he or she is suspected of. If the charges are confirmed, totally or partly, the case will be transferred to a Trial Chamber, which will conduct the subsequent phase of the proceedings: the trial. The Chamber will issue its decision on the confirmation of charges within 60 days after the confirmation hearing.
The ICC warrant of arrest was issued under seal on 18 July 2017. The warrant was unsealed on 21 June 2024. The suspect is still at large.
Next steps: Until Iyad Ag Ghaly is arrested and transferred to the seat of the Court in The Hague, the case will remain in the Pre-Trial stage. The ICC does not try individuals unless they are present in the courtroom. Until Iyad Ag Ghaly is arrested and transferred to the seat of the Court in The Hague, the case will remain in the Pre-Trial stage. The ICC does not try individuals unless they are present in the courtroom.